# -*- coding: utf-8 -*- """ BLE Client for BlueZ on Linux """ import sys from typing import TYPE_CHECKING if TYPE_CHECKING: if sys.platform != "linux": assert False, "This backend is only available on Linux" import asyncio import logging import os import warnings from collections.abc import Callable from contextlib import AsyncExitStack from typing import Any, Optional, Union if sys.version_info < (3, 12): from typing_extensions import Buffer, override else: from collections.abc import Buffer from typing import override if sys.version_info < (3, 11): from async_timeout import timeout as async_timeout else: from asyncio import timeout as async_timeout from dbus_fast.aio import MessageBus from dbus_fast.constants import BusType, ErrorType, MessageType from dbus_fast.message import Message from dbus_fast.signature import Variant from bleak import BleakScanner from bleak.backends.bluezdbus import defs from bleak.backends.bluezdbus.manager import get_global_bluez_manager from bleak.backends.bluezdbus.scanner import BleakScannerBlueZDBus from bleak.backends.bluezdbus.utils import assert_reply, get_dbus_authenticator from bleak.backends.bluezdbus.version import BlueZFeatures from bleak.backends.characteristic import BleakGATTCharacteristic from bleak.backends.client import BaseBleakClient, NotifyCallback from bleak.backends.descriptor import BleakGATTDescriptor from bleak.backends.device import BLEDevice from bleak.backends.service import BleakGATTServiceCollection from bleak.exc import BleakDBusError, BleakDeviceNotFoundError, BleakError logger = logging.getLogger(__name__) # prevent tasks from being garbage collected _background_tasks: set[asyncio.Task[None]] = set() class BleakClientBlueZDBus(BaseBleakClient): """A native Linux Bleak Client Implemented by using the `BlueZ DBUS API `_. Args: address_or_ble_device (`BLEDevice` or str): The Bluetooth address of the BLE peripheral to connect to or the `BLEDevice` object representing it. services: Optional list of service UUIDs that will be used. Keyword Args: timeout (float): Timeout for required ``BleakScanner.find_device_by_address`` call. Defaults to 10.0. disconnected_callback (callable): Callback that will be scheduled in the event loop when the client is disconnected. The callable must take one argument, which will be this client object. adapter (str): Bluetooth adapter to use for discovery. """ def __init__( self, address_or_ble_device: Union[BLEDevice, str], services: Optional[set[str]] = None, **kwargs: Any, ): super(BleakClientBlueZDBus, self).__init__(address_or_ble_device, **kwargs) # kwarg "device" is for backwards compatibility self._adapter: Optional[str] = kwargs.get("adapter", kwargs.get("device")) self._device_info: Optional[dict[str, Any]] # Backend specific, D-Bus objects and data if isinstance(address_or_ble_device, BLEDevice): self._device_path = address_or_ble_device.details["path"] self._device_info = address_or_ble_device.details.get("props") else: self._device_path = None self._device_info = None self._requested_services = services # D-Bus message bus self._bus: Optional[MessageBus] = None # tracks device watcher subscription self._remove_device_watcher: Optional[Callable[[], None]] = None # private backing for is_connected property self._is_connected = False # indicates disconnect request in progress when not None self._disconnecting_event: Optional[asyncio.Event] = None # used to ensure device gets disconnected if event loop crashes self._disconnect_monitor_event: Optional[asyncio.Event] = None # map of characteristic D-Bus object path to notification callback self._notification_callbacks: dict[str, NotifyCallback] = {} # map of characteristic D-Bus path to AcquireNotify file descriptor self._notification_fds: dict[str, int] = {} # used to override mtu_size property self._mtu_size: Optional[int] = None # Connectivity methods @override async def connect( self, pair: bool, dangerous_use_bleak_cache: bool = False, **kwargs: Any ) -> None: """Connect to the specified GATT server. Keyword Args: timeout (float): Timeout for required ``BleakScanner.find_device_by_address`` call. Defaults to 10.0. Raises: BleakError: If the device is already connected or if the device could not be found. BleakDBusError: If there was a D-Bus error asyncio.TimeoutError: If the connection timed out """ logger.debug("Connecting to device @ %s", self.address) if self.is_connected: raise BleakError("Client is already connected") if not BlueZFeatures.checked_bluez_version: await BlueZFeatures.check_bluez_version() if not BlueZFeatures.supported_version: raise BleakError("Bleak requires BlueZ >= 5.55.") # A Discover must have been run before connecting to any devices. # Find the desired device before trying to connect. timeout = kwargs.get("timeout", self._timeout) if self._device_path is None: device = await BleakScanner.find_device_by_address( self.address, timeout=timeout, adapter=self._adapter, backend=BleakScannerBlueZDBus, ) if device: self._device_info = device.details.get("props") self._device_path = device.details["path"] else: raise BleakDeviceNotFoundError( self.address, f"Device with address {self.address} was not found." ) manager = await get_global_bluez_manager() async with async_timeout(timeout): while True: async with AsyncExitStack() as stack: # Each BLE connection session needs a new D-Bus connection to avoid a # BlueZ quirk where notifications are automatically enabled on reconnect. self._bus = await MessageBus( bus_type=BusType.SYSTEM, negotiate_unix_fd=True, auth=get_dbus_authenticator(), ).connect() stack.callback(self._cleanup_all) def on_connected_changed(connected: bool) -> None: if not connected: logger.debug("Device disconnected (%s)", self._device_path) self._is_connected = False if self._disconnect_monitor_event: self._disconnect_monitor_event.set() self._disconnect_monitor_event = None self._cleanup_all() if self._disconnected_callback is not None: self._disconnected_callback() disconnecting_event = self._disconnecting_event if disconnecting_event: disconnecting_event.set() def on_value_changed(char_path: str, value: bytes) -> None: callback = self._notification_callbacks.get(char_path) if callback: callback(bytearray(value)) watcher = manager.add_device_watcher( self._device_path, on_connected_changed, on_value_changed ) self._remove_device_watcher = lambda: manager.remove_device_watcher( watcher ) self._disconnect_monitor_event = local_disconnect_monitor_event = ( asyncio.Event() ) # this effectively cancels the disconnect monitor in case the event # was not triggered by a D-Bus callback stack.callback(local_disconnect_monitor_event.set) async def disconnect_device() -> None: # Calling Disconnect cancels any pending connect request. Also, # if connection was successful but _get_services() raises (e.g. # because task was cancelled), then we still need to disconnect # before passing on the exception. if self._bus: # If disconnected callback already fired, this will be a no-op # since self._bus will be None and the _cleanup_all call will # have already disconnected. try: disconnect_reply = await self._bus.call( Message( destination=defs.BLUEZ_SERVICE, interface=defs.DEVICE_INTERFACE, path=self._device_path, member="Disconnect", ) ) assert disconnect_reply try: assert_reply(disconnect_reply) except BleakDBusError as e: # if the object no longer exists, then we know we # are disconnected for sure, so don't need to log a # warning about it if e.dbus_error != ErrorType.UNKNOWN_OBJECT.value: raise except Exception as e: logger.warning( f"Failed to cancel connection ({self._device_path}): {e}" ) stack.push_async_callback(disconnect_device) # The BlueZ backend does not disconnect devices when the # application closes or crashes. This can cause problems # when trying to reconnect to the same device. To work # around this, we check if the device is already connected. # # For additional details see https://github.com/bluez/bluez/issues/89 if manager.is_connected(self._device_path): logger.debug( 'skipping calling "Connect" since %s is already connected', self._device_path, ) else: logger.debug("Connecting to BlueZ path %s", self._device_path) # Calling pair will fail if we are already paired, so # in that case we just call Connect. if pair and not manager.is_paired(self._device_path): # Trust means device is authorized reply = await self._bus.call( Message( destination=defs.BLUEZ_SERVICE, path=self._device_path, interface=defs.PROPERTIES_INTERFACE, member="Set", signature="ssv", body=[ defs.DEVICE_INTERFACE, "Trusted", Variant("b", True), ], ) ) assert_reply(reply) # REVIST: This leaves "Trusted" property set if we # fail later. Probably not a big deal since we were # going to trust it anyway. # Pairing means device is authenticated reply = await self._bus.call( Message( destination=defs.BLUEZ_SERVICE, interface=defs.DEVICE_INTERFACE, path=self._device_path, member="Pair", ) ) # For resolvable private addresses, the address will # change after pairing, so we need to update that. # Hopefully there is no race condition here. D-Bus # traffic capture shows that Address change happens # at the same time as Paired property change and # that PropertiesChanged signal is sent before the # "Pair" reply is sent. self.address = manager.get_device_address(self._device_path) else: reply = await self._bus.call( Message( destination=defs.BLUEZ_SERVICE, interface=defs.DEVICE_INTERFACE, path=self._device_path, member="Connect", ) ) if reply.message_type == MessageType.ERROR: # This error is often caused by RF interference # from other Bluetooth or Wi-Fi devices. In many # cases, retrying will connect successfully. # Note: this error was added in BlueZ 6.62. if ( reply.error_name == "org.bluez.Error.Failed" and reply.body and reply.body[0] == "le-connection-abort-by-local" ): logger.debug( "retry due to le-connection-abort-by-local" ) # When this error occurs, BlueZ actually # connected so we get "Connected" property changes # that we need to wait for before attempting # to connect again. await local_disconnect_monitor_event.wait() # Jump way back to the `while True:`` to retry. continue if reply.error_name == ErrorType.UNKNOWN_OBJECT.value: raise BleakDeviceNotFoundError( self.address, f"Device with address {self.address} was not found. It may have been removed from BlueZ when scanning stopped.", ) assert_reply(reply) self._is_connected = True # Create a task that runs until the device is disconnected. task = asyncio.create_task( self._disconnect_monitor( self._bus, self._device_path, local_disconnect_monitor_event, ) ) _background_tasks.add(task) task.add_done_callback(_background_tasks.discard) # We will try to use the cache if it exists and `dangerous_use_bleak_cache` # is True. await self._get_services( dangerous_use_bleak_cache=dangerous_use_bleak_cache ) stack.pop_all() return @staticmethod async def _disconnect_monitor( bus: MessageBus, device_path: str, disconnect_monitor_event: asyncio.Event ) -> None: # This task runs until the device is disconnected. If the task is # cancelled, it probably means that the event loop crashed so we # try to disconnected the device. Otherwise BlueZ will keep the device # connected even after Python exits. This will only work if the event # loop is called with asyncio.run() or otherwise runs pending tasks # after the original event loop stops. This will also cause an exception # if a run loop is stopped before the device is disconnected since this # task will still be running and asyncio complains if a loop with running # tasks is stopped. try: await disconnect_monitor_event.wait() except asyncio.CancelledError: try: # by using send() instead of call(), we ensure that the message # gets sent, but we don't wait for a reply, which could take # over one second while the device disconnects. await bus.send( Message( destination=defs.BLUEZ_SERVICE, path=device_path, interface=defs.DEVICE_INTERFACE, member="Disconnect", ) ) except Exception: pass def _cleanup_all(self) -> None: """ Free all the allocated resource in DBus. Use this method to eventually cleanup all otherwise leaked resources. """ logger.debug("_cleanup_all(%s)", self._device_path) if self._remove_device_watcher: self._remove_device_watcher() self._remove_device_watcher = None if not self._bus: logger.debug("already disconnected (%s)", self._device_path) return # Try to disconnect the System Bus. try: self._bus.disconnect() except Exception as e: logger.error( "Attempt to disconnect system bus failed (%s): %s", self._device_path, e, ) else: # Critical to remove the `self._bus` object here to since it was # closed above. If not, calls made to it later could lead to # a stuck client. self._bus = None # Reset all stored services. self.services = None @override async def disconnect(self) -> None: """Disconnect from the specified GATT server. Raises: BleakDBusError: If there was a D-Bus error asyncio.TimeoutError if the device was not disconnected within 10 seconds """ logger.debug("Disconnecting ({%s})", self._device_path) if self._bus is None: # No connection exists. Either one hasn't been created or # we have already called disconnect and closed the D-Bus # connection. logger.debug("already disconnected ({%s})", self._device_path) return if self._disconnecting_event: # another call to disconnect() is already in progress logger.debug("already in progress ({%s})", self._device_path) async with async_timeout(10): await self._disconnecting_event.wait() elif self.is_connected: self._disconnecting_event = asyncio.Event() try: # Try to disconnect the actual device/peripheral reply = await self._bus.call( Message( destination=defs.BLUEZ_SERVICE, path=self._device_path, interface=defs.DEVICE_INTERFACE, member="Disconnect", ) ) assert_reply(reply) async with async_timeout(10): await self._disconnecting_event.wait() finally: self._disconnecting_event = None # sanity check to make sure _cleanup_all() was triggered by the # "PropertiesChanged" signal handler and that it completed successfully assert self._bus is None @override async def pair(self, *args: Any, **kwargs: Any) -> None: """Pair with the peripheral. You can use ConnectDevice method if you already know the MAC address of the device. Else you need to StartDiscovery, Trust, Pair and Connect in sequence. """ assert self._bus # See if it is already paired. reply = await self._bus.call( Message( destination=defs.BLUEZ_SERVICE, path=self._device_path, interface=defs.PROPERTIES_INTERFACE, member="Get", signature="ss", body=[defs.DEVICE_INTERFACE, "Paired"], ) ) assert_reply(reply) if reply.body[0].value: logger.debug("BLE device @ %s is already paired", self.address) return # Set device as trusted. reply = await self._bus.call( Message( destination=defs.BLUEZ_SERVICE, path=self._device_path, interface=defs.PROPERTIES_INTERFACE, member="Set", signature="ssv", body=[defs.DEVICE_INTERFACE, "Trusted", Variant("b", True)], ) ) assert_reply(reply) logger.debug("Pairing to BLE device @ %s", self.address) reply = await self._bus.call( Message( destination=defs.BLUEZ_SERVICE, path=self._device_path, interface=defs.DEVICE_INTERFACE, member="Pair", ) ) assert_reply(reply) # For resolvable private addresses, the address will # change after pairing, so we need to update that. # Hopefully there is no race condition here. D-Bus # traffic capture shows that Address change happens # at the same time as Paired property change and # that PropertiesChanged signal is sent before the # "Pair" reply is sent. manager = await get_global_bluez_manager() self.address = manager.get_device_address(self._device_path) @override async def unpair(self) -> None: """Unpair with the peripheral.""" adapter_path = await self._get_adapter_path() device_path = await self._get_device_path() manager = await get_global_bluez_manager() logger.debug( "Removing BlueZ device path %s from adapter path %s", device_path, adapter_path, ) # If this client object wants to connect again, BlueZ needs the device # to follow Discovery process again - so reset the local connection # state. # # (This is true even if the request to RemoveDevice fails, # so clear it before.) self._device_path = None self._device_info = None self._is_connected = False assert manager._bus try: reply = await manager._bus.call( Message( destination=defs.BLUEZ_SERVICE, path=adapter_path, interface=defs.ADAPTER_INTERFACE, member="RemoveDevice", signature="o", body=[device_path], ) ) assert_reply(reply) except BleakDBusError as e: if e.dbus_error == "org.bluez.Error.DoesNotExist": raise BleakDeviceNotFoundError( self.address, f"Device with address {self.address} was not found." ) from e raise @property @override def is_connected(self) -> bool: """Check connection status between this client and the server. Returns: Boolean representing connection status. """ return False if self._bus is None else self._is_connected async def _acquire_mtu(self) -> None: """Acquires the MTU for this device by calling the "AcquireWrite" or "AcquireNotify" method of the first characteristic that has such a method. This method only needs to be called once, after connecting to the device but before accessing the ``mtu_size`` property. If a device uses encryption on characteristics, it will need to be bonded first before calling this method. """ assert ( self.services is not None ), "Services must be acquired before acquiring MTU" # This will try to get the "best" characteristic for getting the MTU. # We would rather not start notifications if we don't have to. try: method = "AcquireWrite" char = next( c for c in self.services.characteristics.values() if "write-without-response" in c.properties ) except StopIteration: method = "AcquireNotify" char = next( c for c in self.services.characteristics.values() if "notify" in c.properties ) assert self._bus reply = await self._bus.call( Message( destination=defs.BLUEZ_SERVICE, path=char.obj[0], interface=defs.GATT_CHARACTERISTIC_INTERFACE, member=method, signature="a{sv}", body=[{}], ) ) assert_reply(reply) # we aren't actually using the write or notify, we just want the MTU os.close(reply.unix_fds[0]) self._mtu_size = reply.body[1] async def _get_adapter_path(self) -> str: """Private coroutine to return the BlueZ path to the adapter this client is assigned to. Can be called even if no connection has been established yet. """ if self._device_info: # If we have a BlueZ DBus object with _device_info, use what it tell us return self._device_info["Adapter"] if self._adapter: # If the adapter name was set in the constructor, convert to a BlueZ path return f"/org/bluez/{self._adapter}" # Fall back to the system's default Bluetooth adapter manager = await get_global_bluez_manager() return manager.get_default_adapter() async def _get_device_path(self) -> str: """Private coroutine to return the BlueZ path to the device address this client is assigned to. Unlike the _device_path property, this function can be called even if discovery process has not started and/or connection has not been established yet. """ if self._device_path: # If we have a BlueZ DBus object, return its device path return self._device_path # Otherwise, build a new path using the adapter path and the BLE address adapter_path = await self._get_adapter_path() bluez_address = self.address.upper().replace(":", "_") return f"{adapter_path}/dev_{bluez_address}" @property @override def name(self) -> str: """See :meth:`bleak.BleakClient.name`.""" if self._device_info is None: raise BleakError("Not connected") return self._device_info["Alias"] @property @override def mtu_size(self) -> int: """Get ATT MTU size for active connection""" if self._mtu_size is None: warnings.warn( "Using default MTU value. Call _acquire_mtu() or set _mtu_size first to avoid this warning." ) return 23 return self._mtu_size # GATT services methods async def _get_services( self, dangerous_use_bleak_cache: bool = False, **kwargs: Any ) -> BleakGATTServiceCollection: """Get all services registered for this GATT server. Args: dangerous_use_bleak_cache (bool): Use cached services if available. Returns: A :py:class:`bleak.backends.service.BleakGATTServiceCollection` with this device's services tree. """ if not self.is_connected: raise BleakError("Not connected") if self.services is not None: return self.services manager = await get_global_bluez_manager() self.services = await manager.get_services( self._device_path, dangerous_use_bleak_cache, self._requested_services ) return self.services # IO methods @override async def read_gatt_char( self, characteristic: BleakGATTCharacteristic, **kwargs: Any ) -> bytearray: """Perform read operation on the specified GATT characteristic. Args: characteristic (BleakGATTCharacteristic): The characteristic to read from. Returns: (bytearray) The read data. """ if not self.is_connected: raise BleakError("Not connected") while True: assert self._bus reply = await self._bus.call( Message( destination=defs.BLUEZ_SERVICE, path=characteristic.obj[0], interface=defs.GATT_CHARACTERISTIC_INTERFACE, member="ReadValue", signature="a{sv}", body=[{}], ) ) if reply.error_name == "org.bluez.Error.InProgress": logger.debug("retrying characteristic ReadValue due to InProgress") # Avoid calling in a tight loop. There is no dbus signal to # indicate ready, so unfortunately, we have to poll. await asyncio.sleep(0.01) continue assert_reply(reply) break value = bytearray(reply.body[0]) logger.debug( "Read Characteristic {0} | {1}: {2}".format( characteristic.uuid, characteristic.obj[0], value ) ) return value @override async def read_gatt_descriptor( self, descriptor: BleakGATTDescriptor, **kwargs: Any ) -> bytearray: """Perform read operation on the specified GATT descriptor. Args: descriptor: The descriptor to read from. Returns: The read data. """ if not self.is_connected: raise BleakError("Not connected") while True: assert self._bus reply = await self._bus.call( Message( destination=defs.BLUEZ_SERVICE, path=descriptor.obj[0], interface=defs.GATT_DESCRIPTOR_INTERFACE, member="ReadValue", signature="a{sv}", body=[{}], ) ) if reply.error_name == "org.bluez.Error.InProgress": logger.debug("retrying descriptor ReadValue due to InProgress") # Avoid calling in a tight loop. There is no dbus signal to # indicate ready, so unfortunately, we have to poll. await asyncio.sleep(0.01) continue assert_reply(reply) break value = bytearray(reply.body[0]) logger.debug( "Read Descriptor %s | %s: %s", descriptor.handle, descriptor.obj[0], value ) return value @override async def write_gatt_char( self, characteristic: BleakGATTCharacteristic, data: Buffer, response: bool ) -> None: if not self.is_connected: raise BleakError("Not connected") while True: assert self._bus reply = await self._bus.call( Message( destination=defs.BLUEZ_SERVICE, path=characteristic.obj[0], interface=defs.GATT_CHARACTERISTIC_INTERFACE, member="WriteValue", signature="aya{sv}", body=[ bytes(data), {"type": Variant("s", "request" if response else "command")}, ], ) ) if reply.error_name == "org.bluez.Error.InProgress": logger.debug("retrying characteristic WriteValue due to InProgress") # Avoid calling in a tight loop. There is no dbus signal to # indicate ready, so unfortunately, we have to poll. await asyncio.sleep(0.01) continue assert_reply(reply) break logger.debug( "Write Characteristic %s | %s: %s", characteristic.uuid, characteristic.obj[0], data, ) @override async def write_gatt_descriptor( self, descriptor: BleakGATTDescriptor, data: Buffer ) -> None: """Perform a write operation on the specified GATT descriptor. Args: handle: The handle of the descriptor to read from. data: The data to send (any bytes-like object). """ if not self.is_connected: raise BleakError("Not connected") while True: assert self._bus reply = await self._bus.call( Message( destination=defs.BLUEZ_SERVICE, path=descriptor.obj[0], interface=defs.GATT_DESCRIPTOR_INTERFACE, member="WriteValue", signature="aya{sv}", body=[bytes(data), {"type": Variant("s", "command")}], ) ) if reply.error_name == "org.bluez.Error.InProgress": logger.debug("retrying descriptor WriteValue due to InProgress") # Avoid calling in a tight loop. There is no dbus signal to # indicate ready, so unfortunately, we have to poll. await asyncio.sleep(0.01) continue assert_reply(reply) break logger.debug( "Write Descriptor %s | %s: %s", descriptor.handle, descriptor.obj[0], data ) def _register_notify_fd_reader( self, char_path: str, fd: int, callback: NotifyCallback ) -> None: loop = asyncio.get_running_loop() def on_data(): try: data = os.read(fd, 1024) if not data: raise RuntimeError("Unexpected EOF on notification file handle") except Exception as e: logger.debug( "AcquireNotify: Read error on fd %d: %s. Notifications have been stopped.", fd, e, ) try: loop.remove_reader(fd) except RuntimeError: # Run loop is closed pass try: os.close(fd) except OSError: # Bad file descriptor pass self._notification_fds.pop(char_path, None) return callback(bytearray(data)) loop.add_reader(fd, on_data) @override async def start_notify( self, characteristic: BleakGATTCharacteristic, callback: NotifyCallback, **kwargs: Any, ) -> None: """ Activate notifications/indications on a characteristic. """ assert self._bus is not None # If using StartNotify and calling a read on the same # characteristic, BlueZ will return the response as # both a notification and read, duplicating the message. # Using AcquireNotify on supported characteristics avoids this. # However, using the preferred AcquireNotify requires that devices # correctly indicate "notify" and/or "indicate" properties. If they # don't, we fall back to StartNotify. use_notify_acquire = "NotifyAcquired" in characteristic.obj[1] logger.debug( 'using "%s" for notifications on characteristic %d', "AcquireNotify" if use_notify_acquire else "StartNotify", characteristic.handle, ) if use_notify_acquire: reply = await self._bus.call( Message( destination=defs.BLUEZ_SERVICE, path=characteristic.obj[0], interface=defs.GATT_CHARACTERISTIC_INTERFACE, member="AcquireNotify", body=[{}], signature="a{sv}", ) ) assert_reply(reply) unix_fd = reply.unix_fds[0] self._notification_fds[characteristic.obj[0]] = unix_fd self._register_notify_fd_reader(characteristic.obj[0], unix_fd, callback) else: self._notification_callbacks[characteristic.obj[0]] = callback reply = await self._bus.call( Message( destination=defs.BLUEZ_SERVICE, path=characteristic.obj[0], interface=defs.GATT_CHARACTERISTIC_INTERFACE, member="StartNotify", ) ) assert_reply(reply) @override async def stop_notify(self, characteristic: BleakGATTCharacteristic) -> None: """Deactivate notification/indication on a specified characteristic. Args: characteristic (BleakGATTCharacteristic): The characteristic to deactivate notification/indication on. """ if not self.is_connected: raise BleakError("Not connected") assert self._bus is not None if "NotifyAcquired" in characteristic.obj[1]: logger.debug( "Closing notification fd for characteristic %d", characteristic.handle ) fd = self._notification_fds.pop(characteristic.obj[0], None) if fd is None: logger.debug( "No notification fd found for characteristic %d", characteristic.handle, ) else: loop = asyncio.get_running_loop() try: loop.remove_reader(fd) except RuntimeError: # Run loop is closed pass try: os.close(fd) except OSError as e: logger.debug("Failed to remove file descriptor %d: %s", fd, e) else: logger.debug( "Calling StopNotify for characteristic %d", characteristic.handle ) reply = await self._bus.call( Message( destination=defs.BLUEZ_SERVICE, path=characteristic.obj[0], interface=defs.GATT_CHARACTERISTIC_INTERFACE, member="StopNotify", ) ) assert_reply(reply) self._notification_callbacks.pop(characteristic.obj[0], None)